Ancient greek grammar is morphologically complex and preserves several features of proto indo european morphology.
Passive infinitive attic greek.
Future system active and middle with contraction in έω.
This happens quite often in patristic writings and it is good to keep this quote handy from donald j.
Passive versus active infinitive sentence construction.
Take this passive sentence.
Another complication of greek grammar is that different greek authors wrote in different dialects all of which have slightly different grammatical forms see ancient greek dialects.
The passive forms are late.
Thus present active indicative shows that the action happens in the present time that the subject carries out the action and that it is a true statement.
The infinitive takes on a different use if an article is found in front of it.
In the classical language they are suppleted by the corresponding active forms of ἀποθνῄσκω apothnḗiskō however the aorist middle ἀπέκτατο apéktato is used with passive meaning in homer.
Middle voice personal endings.
τὸ ἄρχειν πόνον φέρει.
μι verbs athematic ω verbs thematic in the active voice present tense athematic and thematic verbs use somewhat different endings to designate person and number as well as the infinitive.
The infinitive formation of the infinitive.
Athematic and thematic verbs.
The word is derived from late latin modus infinitivus a derivative of infinitus meaning unlimited.
Mastronarde s book introduction to attic greek.
A cheer was heard from the field.
To love is good.
But let s back up to first show just what passive construction also called passive voice is.
The tenses occurring in the infinitive are the present future aorist perfect and future perfect.
Infinitive abbreviated inf is a linguistics term referring to certain verb forms existing in many languages most often used as non finite verbs as with many linguistic concepts there is not a single definition applicable to all languages.
A sentence constructed in a passive manner may not have a clear subject doing the action of the verb.
Intransitive to win be the winner conquer to prevail be superior of opinions to prevail rare to succeed infinitive at doing psalm solom 4 13 law i win my cause accusative the cause transitive to conquer vanquish beat law rare to win one s case against 800 bce 600 bce homer odyssey 11 545.
Infinitive mood expresses a verbal idea without indicating person and number.
The greek verb can change in person and number.
Future system without contraction 36.
Recall that there are two types of greek verbs in the present tense.
Future system active with contraction in άω.
Learn the eleven forms of the infinitive active middle and passive of λύω.
Nouns adjectives pronouns articles numerals and especially verbs are all highly inflected.
